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WHAT IS POST POLIO SYNDROME

Post Polio Syndrome is a poorly understood condition that can affect people who have had polio in the past.

Polio is a viral infection that used to be common in the UK, but is now rare.

Most people who had Polio would have fought off the infection without even realising they were infected.

Some people with Polio would have had paralysis, muscle weakness and shrinking of the muscles. But usually, these problems would have either gone away over the following weeks or months, or remained the same for years afterwards.

Post Polio Syndrome is where some of these symptoms return or get worse many years or decades after the original polio infection.

SYMPTOMS OF POST POLIO SYNDROME

Post Polio Syndrome can include a wide range of symptoms that develop gradually over time, including:

persistent fatigue (extreme tiredness)
muscle weakness
shrinking muscles
muscle and joint pain
sleep apnoea

The condition can have a significant impact on everyday life, making it very difficult to get around and carry out certain tasks and activities. The symptoms tend to get gradually worse over many years, but this happens very slowly and treatment may help slow it down further.

Post Polio Syndrome is rarely life-threatening, although some people develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems, such as chest infections.

WHO'S AFFECTED

Post Polio Syndrome only affects people who've had polio. It usually develops 15 to 40 years after the infection.

The condition has become more common in the UK in recent years, because of the high number of Polio cases that occurred during the 1940s and 1950s, before routine vaccination was introduced. It's estimated that there are around 120,000 people living in the UK who survived Polio when they were younger. Some of these have, or will develop, Post Polio Syndrome.

It's not known exactly how many Polio survivors are or will be affected by Post Polio Syndrome. Estimates vary from as low as 15% to as high as 80%.

WHAT CAUSES POST-POLIO SYNDROME?

The exact cause of post Polio Syndrome is unclear. It's not known whether anything can be done to prevent it.

The leading theory is that it's the result of the gradual deterioration of nerve cells in the spinal cord (motor neurones) that were damaged by the Polio virus. This would explain why the condition can take years to appear.

Post Polio Syndrome isn't contagious. The theory that the Polio virus may lie dormant in your body, causing Post Polio Syndrome when it becomes reactivated at a later stage, has been disproven.

It's not clear why only some people who've had polio develop Post Polio Syndrome. Those who had severe Polio when they were younger may be more likely to develop the condition.

Contacts us: 0800 043 1935
Email us: info@britishpolio.org.uk

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Motor unit remodeling after nerve injury: evidence from Motor Unit MRI

The British Polio Fellowship
3 days ago
1 min read

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Understanding how motor units change after nerve damage is important for interpreting EMG (or Electromyography) results in neurogenic diseases.

One main question is whether reinnervation (i.e. the growth of new nerve fibers that reconnect with and control muscle fibers that had lost their nerve supply) causes motor units to spread over a larger area or whether new muscle fibers stay within the original motor unit boundaries.

Although EMG shows larger motor unit signals in neurogenic disease, these changes mainly reflect more muscle fibers close to the recording needle and do not show the full motor unit size.

Other EMG methods suggest that motor units contain more muscle fibers after nerve damage, but they cannot show how far those fibers spread within the muscle. Studies that tried to measure motor unit size directly have given mixed results, partly because technical limitations can underestimate motor unit size. Animal studies have also produced inconsistent findings.

Because of this, it is still unclear whether neurogenic disease causes motor units to expand or simply become more densely packed with muscle fibers.

To address this, researchers at Newcastle University developed motor unit MRI (MUMRI), a technique that allows motor units to be imaged in living humans. This method uses MRI and nerve stimulation to show the size and shape of individual motor units. In this study, motor units in polio survivors were compared with those in healthy individuals to determine whether reinnervation stays within normal motor unit boundaries or extends beyond them.

Read their clinical research article:

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